Poland



Background:

Poland's history as a state begins near the middle of the 10th century. By the mid-16th century, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ruled a vast tract of land in central and eastern Europe. During the 18th century, internal disorders weakened the nation, and in a series of agreements between 1772 and 1795, Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned Poland among themselves. Poland regained its independence in 1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in World War II. It became a Soviet satellite state following the war, but its government was comparatively tolerant and progressive. Labor turmoil in 1980 led to the formation of the independent trade union "Solidarity" that over time became a political force with over ten million members. Free elections in 1989 and 1990 won Solidarity control of the parliament and the presidency, bringing the Communist era to a close. A "shock therapy" program during the early 1990s enabled the country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in Central Europe. Poland joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004. With its transformation to a democratic, market-oriented country largely completed, Poland is an increasingly active member of Euro-Atlantic organizations.
Nationality:

noun: Pole(s)
adjective: Polish
Ethnic Groups:

Polish 96.7%, German 0.4%, Belarusian 0.1%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 2.7% (2002 census)
Languages:

Polish (official) 97.8%, other and unspecified 2.2% (2002 census)
Religions:

Roman Catholic 89.8% (about 75% practicing), Eastern Orthodox 1.3%, Protestant 0.3%, other 0.3%, unspecified 8.3% (2002)
Population:

38,415,284 (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33























Major cities - Population:

WARSAW (capital) 1.71 million; Krakow 756,000 (2009)






Statistics
Percent Urbanization61 %
Total People Groups25
Unreached People Groups4
RegionEastern Europe and Eurasia
10/40 WindowNo
Official National LanguagePolish
Primary ReligionChristianity
Percent Christian Adherent89.1%  [1]
Percent Evangelical0.3%  [2]
Country Progress Level2.2 
Persecution RankingNot ranked (1=High to 50=Low OD)
Human Development Index0.795 (0=Low to 1=High UN)

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